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Zhang Gui (Tang dynasty)
Zhang Gui (張瓌) (d. February 10, 888〔(Academia Sinica Chinese-Western Calendar Converter ).〕〔''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 257.〕) was a warlord late in the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty who controlled Jingnan Circuit (荊南, headquartered in modern Jingzhou, Hubei) from 885 to 888.
== Background ==
Little is known about Zhang Gui's background, as he had no biography in either of the official histories of Tang Dynasty (the ''Old Book of Tang'' and the ''New Book of Tang''), and it is not known when he was born. According to the ''Zizhi Tongjian'', he was from Wei Prefecture (渭州, in modern Pingliang, Gansu)〔''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 256.〕 — although the modern Chinese historian Bo Yang, apparently believing that "Wei Prefecture" was erroneously written instead of "Hua Prefecture" (滑州, in modern Anyang, Henan), indicated that Zhang was from Hua Prefecture.〔''Bo Yang Edition of the Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 62 ().〕 In any case, Zhang apparently became an officer at Huainan Circuit (淮南, headquartered in modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu), but later rebelled against the military governor (''Jiedushi'') Gao Pian. He seized Fu Prefecture (復州, in modern Tianmen, Hubei) and claimed the title of prefect.〔
In 885, Chen Ru the military governor of Jingnan was faced with repeated raids against the circuit by Lei Man the prefect of Lang Prefecture (朗州, in modern Changde, Hunan). He invited Zhang and another former Huainan officer, Han Shide (韓師德), who had also rebelled against Gao and taken over Yue Prefecture (岳州, in modern Yueyang, Hunan) as its prefect, to serve under him and attack Lei. Despite initially accepting Chen's invitation, neither actually did so — Han pillaged the region and then returned to Yue, while Zhang attacked Chen and seized Jingnan himself, claiming the title of military governor for himself. When Chen tried to flee to Chengdu, where then-reigning Emperor Xizong was (Emperor Xizong having fled the imperial capital Chang'an earlier due to the attack by the agrarian rebel Huang Chao), Zhang seized and imprisoned him.〔
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